Paleolithic Europe

Left: The Venus of Hohle Fels. Right: Venus of Moravany, from Germany and Slovakia. 41,000–35,000 BC and around 22,800 BC

Paleolithic Europe, or Old Stone Age Europe, encompasses the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age in Europe from the arrival of the first archaic humans, about 1.4 million years ago until the beginning of the Mesolithic (also Epipaleolithic) around 10,000 years ago. This period thus covers over 99% of the total human presence on the European continent.^[1] The early arrival and disappearance of Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis, the appearance, complete evolution and eventual demise of Homo neanderthalensis and the immigration and successful settlement of Homo sapiens all have taken place during the European Paleolithic.^[2]^[3]

^ Toth, Nicholas & Schick, Kathy (2007). Handbook of Paleoanthropology. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer. p. 1963. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-33761-4_64. ISBN 978-3-540-32474-4.
^ Groeneveld, Emma (29 September 2017). "Paleolithic". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
^ French, Jennifer (2021). Palaeolithic Europe: A Demographic and Social Prehistory. UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108590891.

[Thoth&Schick-1] Toth, Nicholas & Schick, Kathy (2007). Handbook of Paleoanthropology. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer. p. 1963. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-33761-4_64. ISBN 978-3-540-32474-4.

[paleo-2] Groeneveld, Emma (29 September 2017). "Paleolithic". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 22 January 2019.

[3] French, Jennifer (2021). Palaeolithic Europe: A Demographic and Social Prehistory. UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108590891.

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